1
It was a pleasure to burn. It was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and changed.
翻译
燃烧是种乐事。看着万物被吞噬、被熏黑、被改变，更是别有一番快意。
重点解析：此句由两个简单句构成，用句号分隔。第一句主干为主系表结构（It was a pleasure），其中动词不定式短语“to burn”作后置定语修饰“pleasure”。第二句结构类似，主干为“It was a special pleasure”，后接两个动词不定式短语“to see things eaten”和“to see things blackened and changed”作表语，具体说明“pleasure”的内容。短语“to see things eaten”中，“eaten”是过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的完成状态；“blackened and changed”是并列的过去分词短语，同样作宾补，描绘了燃烧后的结果。
2
We need not to be let alone. We need to be really bothered once in a while. How long is it since you were really bothered? About something important, about something real?
翻译
我们需要的并非独处，而是不时被真正触动。你上次心绪不宁，是因何等要事、何等真情？
重点解析：第一句为简单句，使用了否定不定式短语“not to be let alone”作宾语。第二句也是简单句，动词不定式短语“to be really bothered”作宾语，副词“once in a while”作时间状语。后两句是省略句，省略了主谓部分（如“What was the time”），保留了疑问词“How long”和介词短语“About something important, about something real”作补充说明，形成紧凑的追问语气。
3
Stuff your eyes with wonder, he said, live as if you'd drop dead in ten seconds. See the world. It's more fantastic than any dream made or paid for in factories.
翻译
他说，用惊奇填满双眼，活在当下，仿若十秒后将死。去看这世界吧，它远比任何流水线上生产的幻梦更瑰丽。
重点解析：此段包含多个句子。首句为祈使句“Stuff your eyes with wonder”，使用动词原形开头。接着是直接引语，包含一个祈使句“live as if...”和一个条件状语从句“as if you'd drop dead in ten seconds”，其中“would drop”是虚拟语气。最后一句是简单句，主干为“It's more fantastic”，后接比较状语从句“than any dream...”，其中“made or paid for in factories”是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰“dream”。
4
The televisor is 'real.' It is immediate, it has dimension. It tells you what to think and blasts it in. It must be right. It seems so right. It rushes you on so quickly to its own conclusions your mind hasn't time to protest, 'What nonsense!'
翻译
电视机才是'真实的'。它即时、立体。它规定你思考什么，并强行灌输。它必定正确。它看似如此正确。它裹挟你飞速抵达它的结论，容不得你的理智抗议一声：'荒谬！'
重点解析：此段由多个简单句和复合句构成。前三个句子均为“主系表”结构，表语分别是“'real.'”、“immediate”和“dimension”（名词）。第四、五句也是“主系表”结构（It is right. It seems right.）。最后一句是复杂的复合句，主句为“It rushes you...”，后接结果状语从句“so quickly... that...”，其中“your mind hasn't time to protest”是“that”从句的主干，而“'What nonsense!'”是“protest”的宾语。
5
A book is a loaded gun in the house next door. Burn it. Take the shot from the weapon. Breach man's mind. Who knows who might be the target of the well-read man?
翻译
书是邻家上膛之枪。焚之。卸其弹。破人心智。谁知饱学之士会瞄准何人？
重点解析：首句是简单句，使用明喻，由“is”连接主语“A book”和喻体“a loaded gun”，介词短语“in the house next door”作后置定语。第二、三句均为祈使句，以动词原形“Burn”和“Take”开头。第四句是特殊疑问句，主干为“Who knows...”，后接宾语从句“who might be the target...”，从句中“of the well-read man”作定语修饰“target”。
6
We must all do the same, get by with a little education, just enough to keep us from rocking the boat, but not enough to let us see how it's really being run.
翻译
我们皆须如此，仅凭些许学识度日。这点学识足以令我们安于现状，不去撼动这艘船，却不足以让我们洞悉其真正的操控方式。
重点解析：此句主干为“We must all do the same”，后接动词短语“get by with a little education”作目的状语。接着是两个由“but”连接的并列的动词不定式短语“enough to keep us...”和“(not) enough to let us...”，共同修饰“a little education”，说明其“足够”与“不足”的具体程度。在不定式短语中，“from rocking the boat”是介词短语作“keep”的宾语补足语（keep sb. from doing sth.）。
7
The mind drinks deep from the fountain of knowledge. But the mouth can only hold so much. The rest spills out and is wasted.
翻译
心智畅饮知识之泉。然口腹容量有限。余者尽溢，徒然浪掷。
重点解析：此段由三个简单句构成。第一句使用暗喻，将“mind”比作饮水者，“fountain of knowledge”是知识的源泉，“drinks deep”是“动词+副词”结构，表示深度动作。第二句为“主谓宾”结构，“so much”作宾语。第三句也是“主谓”结构，“The rest”是主语，“spills out”和“is wasted”是并列的谓语动词，由“and”连接，后者为被动语态。
8
There must be something in books, things we can't imagine, to make a woman stay in a burning house; there must be something there. You don't stay for nothing.
翻译
书中定有玄机，非我等所能想象，方令一女子甘愿留守火宅；其中必有深意。无因岂会驻足？
重点解析：第一句是There be句型，表示存在，“something”是主语，“in books”是介词短语作定语，后接省略了关系代词的定语从句“(that) we can't imagine”修饰“something”。第二句是简单句，也是“There be”句型。第三句是简单句，“for nothing”是介词短语作原因状语，意为“无缘无故”。
9
Give a man a few lines of self-referential poetry and he'll think he's the sole possessor of truth, and he'll feel justified in burning down the world.
翻译
予人几行自指之诗，他便自认独占真理，进而觉得焚尽世间亦属天经地义。
重点解析：此句是复合句，主句为祈使句“Give a man...”，后接由“and”连接的两个并列的结果分句“he'll think...”和“he'll feel...”。在第一个分句中，“he'll think”后接省略了连词“that”的宾语从句“(that) he's the sole possessor...”。在第二个分句中，“feel justified in burning down...”使用了“feel + adj. + in doing”的固定搭配，其中“in burning down”是介词短语。
10
We need not to be let alone. We need to be really bothered once in a while. How long is it since you were really bothered? About something important, about something real?
翻译
我们需要的并非独处，而是不时被真正触动。你上次心绪不宁，是因何等要事、何等真情？
重点解析：第一句为简单句，使用了否定不定式短语“not to be let alone”作宾语。第二句也是简单句，动词不定式短语“to be really bothered”作宾语，副词“once in a while”作时间状语。后两句是省略句，省略了主谓部分（如“What was the time”），保留了疑问词“How long”和介词短语“About something important, about something real”作补充说明，形成紧凑的追问语气。
11
It doesn't matter what you do, he said, so long as you don't try to think.
翻译
他说，你做什么都不要紧，只要别去思考。
重点解析：此句是复合句。主句为“It doesn't matter”，其中“It”是形式主语，“what you do”是主语从句，是“matter”的真正主语。后接“he said”作为插入语。接着是“so long as”引导的条件状语从句“so long as you don't try to think”，从句中“don't try”是否定形式的谓语，“to think”是“try”的宾语（不定式作宾语）。
12
We are living in a time when flowers are trying to live on flowers, instead of on good, solid rain. Poems are given out like postcards, instead of being lived and kept.
翻译
我们身处的时代，花朵只知以花为食，而非汲取甘霖滋养。诗歌沦为明信片般随意派发，不再被亲身体验、悉心珍藏。
重点解析：第一句是复合句，主句为“We are living in a time”，后接省略了关系副词“when”的定语从句“(when) flowers are trying...”。从句中，“to live on flowers”是不定式短语作目的状语，“instead of...”是介词短语作比较状语。第二句是简单句，主干为“Poems are given out”，后接介词短语“like postcards”作方式状语，“instead of being lived and kept”是介词短语作比较状语，其中“being lived and kept”是动名词的被动式和并列形式。